Author: Al Ngu, MDiv
The Personal God of the Bible vs. the Transcendent Allah of the Quran

Al Ngu February 2025– Paper for Christian encounter with Islam
**Introduction & Thesis**
The defining contrast between Christianity and Islam lies in the incarnation of God in Jesus Christ, rendering the God of the Bible profoundly personal and relatable, while the Quran presents Allah as a transcendent sovereign emphasizing submission to His will. I argue that Christianity’s appeal stems from the incarnation, where God entered the world to share in human experiences, contrasting with Allah’s transcendence, which prioritizes a structured framework of obedience for attaining paradise. This doctrine of the incarnation—Immanuel, “God with us”—fundamentally distinguishes Christianity from Islam, as evidenced by the Bible and the Quran.
**The Incarnation of God into This World**
The incarnation of Christ was prophesied throughout the Old Testament, culminating in Jesus as the Logos, the Word of God (John 1:1). Isaiah 7:14 (ESV) declares, “Behold, the virgin shall conceive and bear a son, and they shall call his name Immanuel.” The concept of a transcendent God humbling Himself to become human is transformative. Philippians 2:6–8 (ESV) states, “Though he was in the form of God, [Jesus] did not count equality with God a thing to be grasped, but emptied himself, by taking the form of a servant, being born in the likeness of men. And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross.”
This act of humility shatters self-centered ambitions. William Barclay notes that Paul urges the Philippians to emulate Christ’s selfless service, shedding pride and desire for prominence (Barclay, 2003, p. 45). In contrast, Islam rejects the incarnation, viewing it as incompatible with Allah’s absolute transcendence (Quran 4:171), highlighting a key theological divide. For Christians, Jesus as Emmanuel, “God with us,” offers a uniquely personal relationship with God.
**Islam’s Highest Purpose: Submission to God’s Will**
In Christianity, humans are created in God’s image (Imago Dei, Genesis 1:27) and relate to Him through covenants, aiming to glorify and enjoy Him forever (John 17:3). In Islam, humans are not created in Allah’s image, as He is utterly unlike any creature (Quran 112:1–4). The Quran emphasizes submission (*islam*) to Allah’s will as humanity’s purpose (Quran 51:56). Fazlur Rahman explains, “The Qur’an insists on God’s absolute uniqueness… He is not a father or a friend but the Sovereign Lord” (Rahman, 1980, p. 6). Kenneth Cragg adds, “Allah’s sovereignty in Islam lacks the narrative intimacy of the Bible… His will is law, not a dialogue” (Cragg, 2000, p. 68).
However, some Islamic traditions, such as the *mithaq* (covenant of Alast, Quran 7:172), suggest a primordial relationship between Allah and humanity, and Sufi mysticism emphasizes experiential closeness to God through practices like *dhikr* (remembrance). Nevertheless, these differ from Christianity’s incarnational intimacy, as Allah remains transcendent, not immanent.
**Achieving Virtue in Islam: Obedience vs. Empowerment**
The Quran promotes virtues like unity, justice, and compassion, modeled by Muhammad, which align with biblical principles. Muslims view the Five Pillars (e.g., prayer, fasting) as fostering *taqwa* (God-consciousness), a form of spiritual discipline (Quran 2:183). However, Islam lacks a divine figure empowering believers, unlike Christianity’s Holy Spirit. Ephesians 3:16 (ESV) speaks of God strengthening believers “with power through his Spirit in your inner being,” enabling internal transformation. In Islam, the focus on outward observance, as Gary Corwin notes, prioritizes “public observance and social structure” over inner renewal (Corwin, 2004, p. 12).
While Islamic practices cultivate devotion, they rely on human effort without the personal divine empowerment central to Christianity. Muslims strive to balance good and bad deeds (Quran 21:47), a framework that contrasts with Christianity’s reliance on Christ’s redemptive work.
**Divine Justice and Forgiveness: Atonement vs. Divine Will**
Christianity and Islam diverge sharply on divine justice and forgiveness. In Christianity, God’s holiness requires atonement to satisfy His justice, fulfilled by Jesus’ sacrifice (Hebrews 2:17). James White critiques Islam’s approach: “How can Allah be holy and just and yet forgive sins arbitrarily, without reference to sacrifice or the fulfillment of his own law?” (White, 2013, p. 89). Islamic theology, rooted in divine voluntarism, holds that Allah’s will determines justice, as Al-Ghazali argues (Anderson, 2013, p. 23). Quran 112:1–4 reinforces Allah’s unknowability, leading to theological agnosticism about His character.
However, Muslims emphasize Allah’s mercy (*Ar-Rahman*, *Ar-Rahim*), believing He forgives based on repentance and righteousness (Quran 7:156). Muhammad Asad notes, “The Quran underscores the universality of divine forgiveness… a direct relationship between the sinner and God” (Asad, 2003, p. 45). This contrasts with Christianity’s atonement model, where Jesus’ sacrifice fulfills God’s justice, offering a consistent basis for forgiveness absent in Islam’s reliance on divine prerogative.
**The Power of God’s Love in Christianity**
The Bible portrays Jesus as a High Priest who empathizes with human weaknesses, having been tempted yet remaining sinless (Hebrews 4:15). Romans 8:34 (ESV) affirms, “Christ Jesus… is at the right hand of God, who indeed is interceding for us.” This love, epitomized in John 3:16—“For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son”—culminates in the cross, a proactive act of redemption. During the Transfiguration, God declares, “This is my Son, whom I love. Listen to him!” (Mark 9:7), emphasizing love as Christianity’s core.
In contrast, the Quran ties Allah’s love to obedience. Surah Al-Imran (3:31) states, “If you love Allah, then follow me [Muhammad], Allah will love you and forgive you your sins.” Fazlur Rahman explains, “God’s love is not an unconditional blanket over humanity but a response to righteousness and repentance” (Rahman, 1980, p. 25). While Islam’s *fitra* (innate disposition toward God) suggests a universal capacity for divine connection, Allah’s love remains conditional, unlike Christianity’s unconditional initiative.
**Union with Christ**
The incarnation enables an intimate union with Christ. John 17:23 (ESV) states, “I in them and you in me, that they may become perfectly one, so that the world may know that you sent me and loved them even as you loved me.” N.T. Wright describes this as “the astonishing truth that Christians are drawn into the life of God Himself” (Wright, 2006, p. 102). This relational union, likened to a bridegroom and bride in Revelation, contrasts with Islam’s view of Allah as a sovereign master (Quran 51:56). While Muhammad is a moral exemplar, he is not a divine mediator, unlike Jesus, the sinless God-Man (John 14:6).
**The Hypostatic Union of Christ**
The hypostatic union—Jesus as fully God and fully human—underpins Christian atonement theology. John 1:1 affirms His divinity, while Hebrews 2:17 highlights His humanity as a “merciful and faithful high priest.” Only a sinless God-Man could atone for human sin. Tim Keller notes that John 1:14’s “tabernacled” signifies Jesus as God’s dwelling place among us, bridging humanity to God (Keller, 2013, p. 45). Islam, rejecting divine-human unity (Quran 4:171), lacks a comparable mediator, raising questions about how Allah’s forgiveness aligns with His justice without atonement.
**Conclusion**
The personal nature of the Christian God, revealed through Christ’s incarnation, life, and love, offers grace and intimacy unmatched by the Quran’s transcendent Allah. The Bible’s God empathizes with human struggles, intercedes for believers (Romans 8:34), and sustains the universe (Hebrews 1:3). In contrast, Islamic theology, as Al-Ghazali notes, emphasizes Allah’s unknowable will over His character, prioritizing submission over relational intimacy (Anderson, 2013, p. 23). While Islam’s focus on mercy and *taqwa* fosters spiritual discipline, it lacks the incarnational redemption of Christianity. The Bible’s personal God, revealed in Jesus, radiates grace and love, drawing humanity into a transformative relationship distinct from the Quran’s transcendent framework. [Comment: Replaced “moralistic Allah” with “transcendent Allah”; added *taqwa* for balance.]
**Bibliography**
– Anderson, James. *Christian Encounter with Islam*. Reformed Theological Seminary Global Lectures, 2013.
– Asad, Muhammad. *The Message of the Qur’an*. The Book Foundation, 2003.
– Barclay, William. *The Letters to Philippians, Colossians, and Thessalonians*. The New Daily Study Bible, 3rd ed. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 2003.
– Chapman, Colin. *Cross and Crescent*. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2007.
– Corwin, Gary. “Ten Things Worth Knowing About Islam.” *EMQ*, 2004.
– Cragg, Kenneth. *The Call of the Minaret*. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1956; repr., Oneworld Publications, 2000.
– Abdel Haleem, M.A.S. *The Qur’an*. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.
– Keller, Timothy. *Encounters with Jesus*. New York: Penguin Books, 2013.
– Rahman, Fazlur. *Major Themes of the Qur’an*. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980.
– White, James. *What Every Christian Needs to Know About the Quran*. Minneapolis, MN: Bethany House Publishers, 2013.
– Wright, N.T. *Simply Christian*. San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 2006.
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The difference between old and New Testament as the death and research of Christ
A Prophetic Response to the Charlie Kirk Tragedy

The assassination of Charlie Kirk, the visionary behind Turning Point USA, has sent shockwaves through the nation, stirring a prophetic awakening. Evangelist Daniel Kolenda, in a powerful response, discerns a profound spiritual reality: the bullet that severed Kirk’s vocal cord was not a random act but a deliberate strike by the powers of darkness to silence the voice of God’s Word, particularly to Gen Z on university campuses. As Psalm 94:16 (ESV) declares, “Who rises up for me against the wicked? Who stands up for me against evildoers?” Kirk stood as a voice crying out in the academic wilderness, and his death signals an urgent call for the church to rise in this hour of spiritual warfare.
Campuses: The Battleground for Souls
University campuses are not mere institutions; they are spiritual battlegrounds where the seeds of truth or deception are sown. For decades, these campuses have been fertile soil for teachings that stray far from the Holy Scriptures—ideologies of secular humanism, relativism, and what Kolenda rightly calls dark influences. These seeds, as Jesus warned in the Parable of the Sower (Matthew 13:24-25), are like weeds sown by the enemy while the world sleeps, choking out the good seed of God’s Word. The harvest is evident in the moral and spiritual decay permeating our cities, politics, and culture. Proverbs 22:6 (ESV) reminds us, “Train up a child in the way he should go; even when he is old he will not depart from it.” Tragically, campuses have trained generations in paths leading away from God, shaping leaders who propagate godless worldviews.
Yet, God’s redemptive plan is at work. Charlie Kirk, through Turning Point USA, sowed gospel seeds in this same soil, wielding philosophical rigor and biblical apologetics to proclaim Christ as the Savior of the world. His efforts, unparalleled among modern preachers, turned campuses into fields ripe for revival. As Jesus said in John 4:35 (ESV), “Look, I tell you, lift up your eyes, and see that the fields are white for harvest.” Kolenda’s prophetic word declares Kirk’s death a turning point—a divine moment for the church to reclaim campuses for Christ. Videos of students turning to Scripture in the wake of this tragedy testify to a spiritual hunger among Gen Z, a generation awakening to the truth of 2 Chronicles 7:14 (ESV): “If my people who are called by my name humble themselves, and pray and seek my face and turn from their wicked ways, then I will hear from heaven and will forgive their sin and heal their land.”
Pivoting to Spiritual Warfare
This is no mere cultural clash; it is spiritual warfare of cosmic proportions. Ephesians 6:12 (ESV) reveals the true nature of the battle:
“For we do not wrestle against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the cosmic powers over this present darkness, against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly places.”
The enemy’s assault on Kirk—a symbolic silencing of a prophetic voice—exposes Satan’s desperation to maintain control over campuses, where future leaders are shaped. As 1 Peter 5:8 (ESV) warns, “Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.” The severed vocal cord is a chilling metaphor for the enemy’s attempt to mute the gospel’s proclamation. Yet, God’s Word assures us that no weapon formed against His purposes will prosper (Isaiah 54:17). To fight this battle with human strategies—cultural arguments or political solutions—is to wield straw against a furnace. We must put on the full armor of God (Ephesians 6:11), wielding the sword of the Spirit, which is the Word of God (Ephesians 6:17), to counter the principalities seeking to dominate these sacred grounds.
Campuses are strategic in this spiritual war. They are where worldviews are forged, where the seeds of revival or ruin take root. The enemy knows this, targeting young minds to perpetuate darkness. But God is raising up laborers, as Jesus instructed in Matthew 9:38 (ESV): “Pray earnestly to the Lord of the harvest to send out laborers into his harvest.” Kirk’s martyrdom has ignited a fire, with students turning to Christ in unprecedented ways. His death, though tragic, has become a catalyst, fulfilling Romans 8:28 (ESV): “And we know that for those who love God all things work together for good, for those who are called according to his purpose.”
What’s Next for Christendom?
The question remains: what’s next for the church in this battle for souls? We cannot abandon the campuses, for to do so is to surrender the harvest field to the enemy. Kirk’s legacy calls us to equip a new generation of believers—apologists, evangelists, and disciples—who will carry the gospel into the heart of academia. As Isaiah responded to God’s call, “Here am I! Send me” (Isaiah 6:8), so must we answer with urgency. This is our moment to sow gospel seeds with boldness, to water them with prayer, and to trust God for a mighty harvest. Let us proclaim, as Habakkuk 2:14 (ESV) envisions, “For the earth will be filled with the knowledge of the glory of the Lord as the waters cover the sea.”
The church must act swiftly, training young warriors to stand firm in the truth, as 2 Timothy 2:15 (ESV) urges: “Do your best to present yourself to God as one approved, a worker who has no need to be ashamed, rightly handling the word of truth.” Let us reclaim campuses as places where God’s voice resounds, where revival takes root, and where Gen Z encounters the transformative power of Christ. For the glory of God, let us seize this turning point to take our campuses—and the world—for the Kingdom. Amen.
“I Desire Mercy, Not Sacrifice”: A Call to Embody God’s Heart

Picture a lively dinner in a first-century Jewish home. Jesus reclines at the table, surrounded not by the religious elite but by tax collectors and sinners—outcasts shunned by society. Laughter and conversation fill the air as Jesus offers hope to the broken. Outside, the Pharisees peer in, their faces twisted in disapproval. “Why does your teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?” they demand of His disciples (Matthew 9:11, ESV). Their question betrays a heart hardened by legalism, more concerned with ritual purity than compassion. Jesus overhears and responds with piercing clarity: “Those who are well have no need of a physician, but those who are sick. Go and learn what this means: ‘I desire mercy, and not sacrifice.’ For I came not to call the righteous, but sinners” (Matthew 9:12–13).
This moment, recorded in Matthew 9:10–13, is a theological earthquake. By quoting Hosea 6:6, Jesus reveals the heart of God: mercy triumphs over ritual. The Pharisees’ obsession with external piety blinded them to the transformative power of compassion. Their error challenges the church today: Are we embodying God’s mercy, or are we, like the Pharisees, clinging to comfort, tradition, or legalistic routines? Jesus’ call to mercy is a wake-up call for believers to prioritize compassion, evangelism, and prayer for the sick over empty religious forms.
Exegesis of Matthew 9:10–13
To grasp the weight of Jesus’ words, we must unpack the context of Matthew 9:10–13. The setting is the home of Matthew, a tax collector who had just left his booth to follow Jesus (Matthew 9:9). Tax collectors were despised in Jewish society, seen as traitors who collaborated with Roman oppressors and extorted their own people. “Sinners” likely included those who violated the Torah’s ritual laws or lived immoral lives. For Jesus to dine with them was scandalous—it signaled intimacy and acceptance, defying cultural norms.
The Pharisees’ question—“Why does your teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?”—reveals their legalistic mindset. In their view, associating with such people risked ceremonial defilement. Their focus was on “sacrifice,” a term drawn from Hosea 6:6, which in this context refers to strict adherence to the Torah’s ritual laws, such as avoiding “unclean” people. Jesus’ response, “Those who are well have no need of a physician, but those who are sick,” uses a medical metaphor to underscore His mission. The “sick” are sinners in need of spiritual healing, not rejection. His quotation of Hosea 6:6—“I desire mercy, and not sacrifice”—is a direct rebuke of the Pharisees’ priorities. In Hosea, God criticized Israel for offering sacrifices while neglecting justice and compassion (Hosea 6:4–6). Jesus applies this to the Pharisees, urging them to prioritize merciful love over ritualistic observance.
The final statement, “I came not to call the righteous, but sinners,” clarifies Jesus’ mission. The “righteous” here likely refers to the self-righteous—those like the Pharisees who believed their law-keeping earned God’s favor. Jesus came for those who recognize their spiritual brokenness, like Matthew, who left everything to follow Him. This passage reveals God’s heart: mercy is not just an attribute but a call to action, inviting sinners into relationship with Him.
The Beauty of God’s Mercy
Mercy is the heartbeat of the gospel. At the cross, we see its ultimate expression: the blood of Jesus, the Son of God, poured out for a broken world. Without mercy, we would all stand condemned. As Lamentations 3:22–23 declares, “The steadfast love of the Lord never ceases; his mercies never come to an end; they are new every morning.” This mercy isn’t passive—it’s dynamic, compelling us to act. Jesus dined with sinners because He saw their spiritual sickness and longed to heal them. His mercy propelled Him to the marginalized, the hurting, and the lost.
Yet, I confess, like many Christians, I often feel numbed by the world’s brokenness. Poverty, addiction, and spiritual despair surround us, and it’s tempting to retreat into apathy or routine. We may feel helpless, fearing rejection if we evangelize or doubting God’s power if we pray for miracles. But Jesus’ words in Matthew 9 challenge us to overcome these barriers. Mercy, rooted in God’s love, should stir our hearts and move us to reach the spiritually and physically sick.
Mercy Over Legalism
The Pharisees’ error wasn’t their devotion to the Torah but their elevation of ritual over relationship. On a Sabbath, when Jesus healed a man with a withered hand, they grumbled, accusing Him of violating the law (Matthew 12:9–14). Jesus challenged them: “If your sheep falls into a pit on the Sabbath, won’t you rescue it? How much more valuable is a person?” (cf. Luke 14:1–6). This echoes the mercy of God—prioritizing people over rules, compassion over convention.
The modern church can fall into a similar trap. We excel at mercy ministries—feeding the poor, mentoring youth, advocating for justice. These are vital expressions of God’s love, reflecting Micah 6:8’s call to “do justice, love mercy, and walk humbly with your God.” But what about the physically and spiritually sick? How often do we follow James 5:14–15: “Is anyone among you sick? Let them call the elders of the church to pray over them and anoint them with oil in the name of the Lord”? Too often, we pray for doctors’ wisdom but hesitate to lay hands on the sick, fearing failure or doubting God’s power. Jesus, Paul, and Peter made healing a hallmark of their ministries (e.g., Acts 3:1–10; Acts 19:11–12). Why don’t we?
Overcoming Numbness and Fear
Why do we struggle to show mercy? First, the world’s brokenness can overwhelm us, leading to a sense of helplessness. It’s easier to “move on” than to engage with the spiritually or physically sick. Second, fear of rejection hinders evangelism. Sharing the gospel feels risky—what if we’re mocked? Praying for healing feels even riskier—what if nothing happens? Yet Jesus faced similar criticism from the Pharisees, who accused Him of being “defiled” by sinners. His response was unwavering: mercy comes first.
This numbness and fear often stem from a lack of spiritual renewal. Romans 12:2 urges us, “Be transformed by the renewing of your mind.” When we seek the Holy Spirit’s refreshment, God’s mercy stirs compassion within us, propelling us to act. Seeing the broken—those in tears, sickness, or spiritual despair—ignites a desire to pray, share the gospel, and offer hope.
A Call to Action
Jesus’ call in Matthew 9 is clear: God desires mercy, not sacrifice. To embody this, the church must:
1. **Pray Boldly for Healing**: Every Sunday, stretch out hands in faith, trusting God’s power as James 5:14–15 instructs. Healing may not always come instantly, but our obedience honors Him.
2. **Reach the Lost**: Evangelism flows from mercy. Share the gospel with the broken, trusting God to work despite our fears (Mark 16:15).
3. **Seek Spiritual Renewal**: Ask the Holy Spirit to break our apathy and fill us with compassion, renewing our minds to see the hurting as God does (Ephesians 3:16).
Living God’s Mercy
God’s mercy is powerful and beautiful. It moved Jesus to the cross and compels us to act. Let’s reject the Pharisees’ legalism and embrace the compassion that transforms lives. When we see the spiritually sick, let’s offer the gospel. When we encounter the physically hurting, let’s pray with faith. As Jesus said, “I came not to call the righteous, but sinners.” Let’s go and do likewise.
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I Desire Mercy, Not Sacrifice-I came to call sinners

Matthew 9:10–13 (ESV)
10 And as Jesus reclined at table in the house, behold, many tax collectors and sinners came and were reclining with Jesus and his disciples. 11 And when the Pharisees saw this, they said to his disciples, “Why does your teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?” 12 But when he heard it, he said, “Those who are well have no need of a physician, but those who are sick. 13 Go and learn what this means: ‘I desire mercy, and not sacrifice.’ For I came not to call the righteous, but sinners.”
Jesus at the Table of Sinners
Matthew places this scene right after his own calling (Matt. 9:9). A despised tax collector turned disciple, Matthew celebrates his new life by hosting a meal. Jesus reclines at the table with him, surrounded by tax collectors and “sinners.”
In Jewish culture, table fellowship was never casual—it was a declaration of welcome and belonging. To eat with someone was to accept them. By sharing a meal with outcasts, Jesus made a radical theological statement: God’s kingdom welcomes those considered unclean, those on the margins, those desperate for grace.
The Pharisees’ Question
The Pharisees are scandalized. They ask Jesus’ disciples: “Why does your teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?” (v. 11).
Their question is more accusation than inquiry. To them, holiness meant separation from impurity. Fellowship with sinners was unthinkable—it risked contamination. In their eyes, Jesus was not preserving holiness but destroying it.
This reveals the Pharisees’ blindness. They were more concerned about outward conformity than inward compassion, about cultural boundaries more than God’s heart. Mercy had no place in their system.
The Physician for the Sick
Jesus answers with an image everyone understands: “Those who are well have no need of a physician, but those who are sick” (v. 12).
Doctors do not avoid the diseased—they run toward them. By implication, Jesus is the Great Physician, whose calling is to heal the spiritually sick. His mission is not about avoiding contamination but bringing restoration.
The irony is sharp. The Pharisees see themselves as “well,” but in reality, their hardness of heart reveals their own sickness. Those who think they are righteous blind themselves to their need for healing.
“I Desire Mercy, Not Sacrifice”
Jesus presses further: “Go and learn what this means: ‘I desire mercy, and not sacrifice’” (v. 13).
This quotation from Hosea 6:6 is a stinging rebuke. In Hosea’s day, Israel’s worship was filled with sacrifices, yet devoid of covenant love. God rejected their empty rituals because their hearts lacked mercy and faithfulness.
By invoking Hosea, Jesus declares that the Pharisees are repeating Israel’s failure. They cling to ritual sacrifice but neglect mercy—the very thing God desires. Outward performance without inward compassion is worthless.
Jesus concludes with a mission statement: “For I came not to call the righteous, but sinners.” He did not come to reward the self-assured but to redeem the broken. His table is open to the desperate, the weary, the guilty. Mercy is the entry ticket, not merit.
Mercy: The Heart of God
What is mercy? In Scripture, mercy is not passive pity but active compassion. The Hebrew word (hesed) in Hosea 6:6 points to covenant love—faithful kindness toward the undeserving. The Greek word (eleos) emphasizes compassion that moves into action.
Sacrifice without mercy is hollow religion. Mercy, however, reflects the heart of God. The cross itself is the ultimate demonstration: as Christ’s blood poured out, we saw divine compassion toward sinners who deserved judgment.
Mercy Moves Us to Evangelism
Why do many Christians struggle with evangelism or missions? Could it be that we lack the mercy of God burning in our hearts?
Mercy compels. When Jesus saw the crowds, He was “moved with compassion” (Matt. 9:36). He did not merely feel pity; He acted, teaching, healing, and shepherding the lost.
Without mercy, evangelism becomes duty. With mercy, it becomes delight. The more we experience God’s mercy personally, the more we long for others to know it.
But too often, like the Pharisees, we become numb. The constant flood of suffering in the world—spiritual and physical—can make us withdraw in helplessness. We stop feeling. We stop acting. That’s why we need continual renewal in the Spirit. Only God’s mercy can soften our hearts again.
Mercy Heals the Sick
Mercy also shapes how we respond to physical suffering. Jesus repeatedly healed on the Sabbath, provoking the Pharisees. He exposed their hypocrisy: they would rescue an ox that fell into a pit on the Sabbath, yet refuse to heal a suffering human being (Luke 14:5).
Mercy moves toward the sick, even when inconvenient.
Today, many churches practice mercy through social justice—feeding the hungry, serving the poor, mentoring youth. These are good and necessary works. But mercy must also extend to the sick and brokenhearted. James commands the church: “Is anyone among you sick? Let them call the elders of the church to pray over them and anoint them with oil in the name of the Lord” (James 5:14).
Sadly, prayer for healing is often neglected. Instead, churches default to asking for doctors to succeed. While medical care is a gift, biblical mercy calls us to pray boldly for God’s healing power. Healing prayer is not easy—it requires faith, persistence, and courage. But mercy presses us to act anyway.
Mercy Over Sacrifice in the Church
What would it look like for the church today to embody Jesus’ words?
- People over programs: valuing relationships more than routines.
- Compassion over comfort: moving toward the messy and broken instead of retreating into safe spaces.
- Prayer over passivity: laying hands on the sick, even when uncertain, rather than avoiding the risk of disappointment.
- Evangelism through empathy: sharing Christ not out of guilt, but out of deep compassion for the lost.
Sacrifice without mercy is lifeless religion. Mercy breathes life into the church.
The Cross: Mercy in Full
At the cross, we see mercy in its fullest expression. Jesus bore our sin, not because we deserved it, but because His compassion compelled Him. His sacrifice was filled with mercy, unlike the empty sacrifices of the Pharisees.
From the cross, Jesus calls His followers to extend that same mercy outward. To sinners. To the sick. To the weary. To the forgotten.
Conclusion
Jesus’ words in Matthew 9 are as relevant today as they were then: “I desire mercy, not sacrifice. For I came not to call the righteous, but sinners.”
The Pharisees missed it. They chose performance over compassion, ritual over relationship. But Jesus reveals the heart of God: mercy for the undeserving, compassion for the broken, grace for sinners.
In a world drowning in suffering, we cannot afford to grow numb. We need the mercy of God to awaken us, to propel us, to move us outward. Mercy evangelizes. Mercy heals. Mercy acts.
Jesus still desires mercy—not sacrifice. And when His mercy fills us, it will overflow to those around us.
I desire mercy, and not sacrifice

Matthew 9:10–13 (ESV)
10 And as Jesus reclined at table in the house, behold, many tax collectors and sinners came and were reclining with Jesus and his disciples. 11 And when the Pharisees saw this, they said to his disciples, “Why does your teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?” 12 But when he heard it, he said, “Those who are well have no need of a physician, but those who are sick. 13 Go and learn what this means: ‘I desire mercy, and not sacrifice.’ For I came not to call the righteous, but sinners.”
Jesus said, “I desire mercy and not sacrifice, for I came not to call the righteous, but sinners.” The Pharisees showed no emotion, empathy for sinners, but they were more concerned about legalistic outside show, cultural requirements. Look at their question, “Why does your teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?” They have absolutely no mercy for the spiritually sick. Jesus profoundly said I desire mercy, not sacrifice. You know how big a statement is that?
Mercy is such an appealing attractive attribute of God, and I thank God every day for his mercy and compassion.
If he didn’t have that we’ll all be condemned. Jesus is essentially saying he wants the church to have mercy, and not sacrifice. What is sacrifice? In the context of what happened in that passage, sacrifice refers to not to eat with tax collectors and sinners trying to adhere mechanically to the Torah or the mosaic laws. But there is one overriding factor that overrides all the legalistic laws and legalism, and that is the mercy of God. When you look at the cross you see the mercy of God. You see the blood dripping down from the body of the son of God on the cross, you see the mercy of God for us.
That’s why when Jesus said I desire mercy, and not sacrifice, obviously that is such a phenomenal statement! Part of the reason that Christians are not evangelizing, reaching out to the lost, and missions is they lack of the mercy of God in their lives. They’re not seeing that as important, they do not seem to care after a while. They are kind of numbed by the brokenness in the world that they see daily including myself. I am guilty to that and part of the reason I struggle with is that, we lack the refreshing renewal of the knowledge of God and the impartation of the Spirit. When Jesus said to the Pharisees that he came to meet with Matthew, because he is broken like we all are, and by his grace, He chose Matthew. Pharisees said that he is made ‘dirty’ because he sits with the tax collectors. You see there are so many times the Pharisees are problematic.
On one Sabbath day Jesus healed a cripple, the Pharisees challenged Jesus and want to watch upon him see if he will heal a man on the Sabbath day. Jesus famously challenged them when you have your donkey or your horse dropped into a pit on the Sabbath day, would you not rescue your animal? And here it is the son of Abraham in sickness, and you won’t heal him? That’s the mercy of God!
We are so numbed by the things of the world that we are so incapacitated in some way to reach out to the sick, the spiritual sick
We are so numbed by the things of the world that we are so incapacitated in some way to reach out to the sick, the spiritual sick and physical sick because we feel a sense of helplessness. And the comfortable thing to do, therefore, as you feel so helpless is just to give up and move on in life.
And may I argue from the fact that we lack the mercy of God. That mercy of God’s will propel us to actions. I would also say that the reason we are showing a lack of mercy is because we feel we have a lack of ability to really help. That’s precisely the reason why so many Christians do not evangelize or share the gospel and outreach, that’s because of the fear of rejection, and our lack of success, and because realistically, the harvest is really not there, we may argue. But the reality is it is hard, the soul market so to speak.
That’s why we need all the more the mercy of God as a propellant inside our lives.
There’s something powerful and beautiful about the mercy of God. Because when you see the sick, the spiritual sick, needy brokenness and people in trouble and hardship, in tears, you feel compassion for them. You feel your heart is swelling up with mercy and that is from God. And that mercy will turn you into action. I would argue that one of the reasons churches are not praying enough for the sick, is because they are showing a lack of mercy of God. They rather do sacrifice, but no mercy. Not because there are not kind, but because their internal mindset has been numbed and also felt discouraged with unbelief. Let’s face it, healing doesn’t come easy, by any means. If you see somebody who is sick physically, do the churches pray for the sick today? They hardly do. I would certainly choose to pray for the sick every single Sunday, stretch your hands and believe by faith.
A lot of churches today are big on mercy ministry, in what is called the social justice
That is feeding the poor, helping the underprivileged youths etcetera. They are all good things to do but I’m arguing that that mercy is not extended enough towards those with physical sickness, which is the main pattern of Jesus ministry, and Paul’s. Those people who are physically sick coming to church, no one from the church is reaching out to them by praying for the sick. Or emotionally sick, depresssed, etc. They rather praying for the doctor to have wisdom to cure them. This is very alien to Jesus ministry or even Paul or Peter for that matter. And that’s why I will advocate strongly that churches today should administer healing and praying for the sick. In fact in James he says bringing the sick and lay hands on them put oil upon them. Laying hands on them to bring healing is a very biblical thing to do.
We need both.