Did the early church fathers, after the Apostles, perform signs and wonders, healings and speaking tongues?

Then we have the early church. How did they do? Did the signs and wonders stop after the 12 apostles? Did the early fathers and churches, bishops, experience miracles signs and wonders? Of course they did. 

Augustine

“In the same city of Carthage lived Innocentia, a very devout woman of the highest rank in the state. She had cancer in one of her breasts, a disease which, as physicians say, is incurable. . . . This lady we speak of had been advised by a skillful physician, who was intimate with her family, and she betook herself to God alone in prayer. On the approach of Easter, she was instructed in a dream to wait for the first woman that came out of the baptistery after being baptized and to have her make the sign of Christ upon the sore. She did so and was immediately cured” (The City of God 22:8 [A.D. 419]). [1]—supernatural healing.

And that’s Augustine! He’s no shallow healings seeking charismatics, using today’s terminology.. He’s the prime theologian that influenced the world as par excellence in the Reformed world, Catholic world, and any worlds! And that’s taken from one of his most famous books in history and Christendom, “The City of God”. 

Jerome

On coming thither he made the sign of the cross over the bed and fevered limbs of each [child] and called upon the name of Jesus. Marvelous efficacy of the name! . . . In that very hour they took food, recognized the mourning mother, and with thanks to God warmly kissed the saint’s hands” (Life of St. Hilarion 14 [A.D. 390]). [2]—supernatural healing

Ambrose of Milan

During the translation a blind man was healed. . . . [Arians] deny that the blind man received sight, but he denies not that he is healed. He says: ‘I, who could not see, now see,’ and proves it by the fact. . . . He declares that when he touched the hem of the robe of the martyrs, wherewith the sacred relics were covered, his sight was restored” (Letters 22:1–2, 17 [A.D. 388]).[3]

Ambrose of Milan, famous big name bishop , in fact he baptized Augustine! A blind man ‘s eyes opened! That would have blown away every evangelistic meeting or church meeting even among the charismatic, Pentecostal circles. Seriously, there is any hardly blind eyes opened miracles these days across the board. And that’s by Ambrose, not in some Azusa St of Los Angeles, or some healing crusade meetings of today, which is unfortunately also tingled with prosperity health teachings so sadly marred the supernatural.

Tertullian

“[When a scorpion stings someone’s heel] we have faith for a defense, if we are not smitten with distrust itself also, in immediately making the sign [of the cross] and adjuring and besmearing the heel with the beast. Finally, we often aid in this way even the heathen, seeing we have been endowed by God with that power which the apostle [Paul] first used when he despised the viper’s bite [Acts 28:3-5]” (Antidote Against the Scorpion 1 [A.D. 211]).[4]

The healings of someone beaten by vipers.

Eusebius of Caesarea

This being immediately done he prayed over the water and with firm faith in the Lord commanded them to pour it into the lamps. And when they had done so, contrary to all expectation, by a wonderful and divine power the nature of the water was changed into that of oil. A small portion of it has been preserved even to our day by many of the brethren there as a memento of the wonder” (Church History 6:9:1–3 [A.D. 312]).[5]

Water changed into oil! Wow, I haven’t ever read that in modern Pentecostal churches movement or any charismatic circles for the last centuries and in 21st! And that’s by Eusebius who is spoken of in many of our seminary papers, among reformed circles who teaches cessationists. 

The list goes on. Need we anymore early church proofs where early fathers opened eyes of the blind, change water into oil? Healed the sick instantly, cast out demons? All these were done not by the apostles, but by bishops, leaders, theologians like Augustine, Tertullian, Ambrose, Eusebius! As Reformed teachings says that miracles and signs were works of the apostles, and after them they ceased. Tongues ceased.

The answer is : God is still demonstrating and doing all the signs and wonders, as Jesus says, “Greater works than this you shall see”. 

John 14: “12 Very truly I tell you, whoever believes in me will do the works I have been doing, and they will do even greater things than these, because I am going to the Father. 13 And I will do whatever you ask in my name, so that the Father may be glorified in the Son. 14 You may ask me for anything in my name, and I will do it.”


[1] https://www.catholic.com/tract/do-miracles-still-occur

[2] Ibid

[3] Ibid

[4] Ibid

[5] Ibid

Evangelism is the hardest thing in the world & the most important thing in the world

Evangelism is probably the hardest thing in the world, and ironically, the most important thing in the world too! What a paradox in life. Most Christians feel tightened and uncomfortable when we talk about evangelism and yet we know we should be doing more evangelism. Why? Because the society is so hostile towards Christian values and faith, let alone listening to you evangelizing, sharing the gospel of Jesus Christ. Many Christians have opted for the passive Christian lifestyle evangelism. It’s like I am living out the godly life, and I show compassion to non-believers, kindness to them, and hopefully by my kind deeds, they will be open to the gospel and asked about our faith. Doesn’t that sound lame? And yet, that’s the most comfortable posture default in our lives, and we hope we can alleviate then the guilt of not fulfilling the Great Commission as in Matthew 28 :28-30 “Go and make disciples of all nations…” How can we go and make disciples, if we sit still in our posture, social life? And if we socialize, we can’t even mention God and religion in our workplace in America, because that’d be too sensitive. So where does that leave us? Christian faith has been pushed to the edges about to fall off the cliff! That’s why there are talks that its actually easier to evangelize in the third world, before the enlightenment of Europe hits a country. 

There is really nowhere to turn practically and realistically. And most have such sentiments. Except we learn the skills of bringing up God organically, naturally like Elizabeth Pippert says in her book “Stay Salt”. 

I like to take a road back to Jesus and the early church and see how they evangelized and how Christianity grew so rapidly. 

Jesus evangelized rapidly and he is a class of his own, unmatchable. His miracles drew big crowds. He doesn’t need Alfa course, he doesn’t need the 3 spiritual laws, he doesn’t need the friendship evangelism, his feeding of 5000 men and women broke the straw, his raising up the crippled on sabbath rocked the boat, his cleansing the leper shook the very fabric of the Jewish society, and the list goes on. In a passage, folks were running everywhere bringing the sick, the lame, to Jesus for him to heal them. You see, physical needs come first in everyone’s mind. One parent begged Jesus to heal his seizure boy, and he got what he wanted; one woman with years of bleeding problem and pushed her way through a crowd of men to touch Jesus only to be healed, and she did. The woman by the well, when told by Jesus that she had 5 husbands, and the man she lives with now is not her husband, was so stunned by him that she went around and told every that she’s met the Messiah! The healed, the touched, were the most effective and powerful agents of evangelism and spreading the gospel for Jesus! That’s the kind of supernatural power that spreads his name wide and deep. He needs no crusade; he needs no website announcement. His healings is the announcements, better than all Google and Facebook and Twitter combined can ever do. We the church today needs to recover that to some degree!

Then comes his amazing stunning teaching packed with authority, he speaks as one with authority, the crowds said. There is one time, Jesus went up to take the scroll and read “I have come to proclaim the favorable year of the Lord”, and then he sat down, saying today in your hearing this scripture has been fulfilled. The congregation in the synagogue was stunned, as he spoke as one with authority. You see Jesus didn’t say this is going to be fulfilled, he is saying I am the fulfillment! He is God incarnated.

There is no way for us to do what Jesus did. We can’t even agree doctrinally to believe in the gifts of healing, between the cessation’s, and the continuist. Many with great doctrinal knowledge and minds, do not believe in the gift of healing, sad. The only group that’s probably believing and exercising the gift of healing is the Pentecostal or charismatic group.  But even among them, it’s also not too easy to see healings too, though they do happen at least. People’s greatest and number one longing is their needs met. And many times, their physical and emotional needs demand the first and foremost attention.And meeting needs evangelism is actually Jesus style of evangelism, but with such power and authority! Don’t talk about the gospel, if you can’t meet their needs. And that’s why Pentecostal churches are the fastest growing churches in the world, the global south!  But of course, now that I am in seminary learning all the richness of reformed theology, I will not be satisfied with just a big size church with no depth of Christ centered teachings, cross centered teachings. 

Then we have the early church. How did they do? Did the signs and wonders stop after the 12 apostles? Did the early fathers and churches, bishops, experience miracles signs and wonders? Of course they did. 

Augustine

“In the same city of Carthage lived Innocentia, a very devout woman of the highest rank in the state. She had cancer in one of her breasts, a disease which, as physicians say, is incurable. . . . This lady we speak of had been advised by a skillful physician, who was intimate with her family, and she betook herself to God alone in prayer. On the approach of Easter, she was instructed in a dream to wait for the first woman that came out of the baptistery after being baptized and to have her make the sign of Christ upon the sore. She did so and was immediately cured” (The City of God 22:8 [A.D. 419]). [1]

Jerome

On coming thither he made the sign of the cross over the bed and fevered limbs of each [child] and called upon the name of Jesus. Marvelous efficacy of the name! . . . In that very hour they took food, recognized the mourning mother, and with thanks to God warmly kissed the saint’s hands” (Life of St. Hilarion 14 [A.D. 390]). [2]

Ambrose of Milan

During the translation a blind man was healed. . . . [Arians] deny that the blind man received sight, but he denies not that he is healed. He says: ‘I, who could not see, now see,’ and proves it by the fact. . . . He declares that when he touched the hem of the robe of the martyrs, wherewith the sacred relics were covered, his sight was restored” (Letters 22:1–2, 17 [A.D. 388]).[3]

Tertullian

“[When a scorpion stings someone’s heel] we have faith for a defense, if we are not smitten with distrust itself also, in immediately making the sign [of the cross] and adjuring and besmearing the heel with the beast. Finally, we often aid in this way even the heathen, seeing we have been endowed by God with that power which the apostle [Paul] first used when he despised the viper’s bite [Acts 28:3-5]” (Antidote Against the Scorpion 1 [A.D. 211]).[4]

Eusebius of Caesarea

This being immediately done he prayed over the water and with firm faith in the Lord commanded them to pour it into the lamps. And when they had done so, contrary to all expectation, by a wonderful and divine power the nature of the water was changed into that of oil. A small portion of it has been preserved even to our day by many of the brethren there as a memento of the wonder” (Church History 6:9:1–3 [A.D. 312]).[5]

The list goes on. Need we anymore early church proofs where early fathers opened eyes of the blind, change water into oil? Healed the sick instantly, cast out demons? All these were done not by the apostles, but by bishops, leaders, theologians like Augustine, Tertullian, Ambrose, Eusebius! Contra the Reformed teachings that says miracles and signs were works of the apostles, and after them they ceased like the canon is closed. I disagree. Tongues didn’t ceased. Healings of modern days go on, and yes Jesus says:

John 14 12 Very truly I tell you, whoever believes in me will do the works I have been doing, and they will do even greater things than these, because I am going to the Father. 13 And I will do whatever you ask in my name, so that the Father may be glorified in the Son. 14 You may ask me for anything in my name, and I will do it.

Their evangelism is powered by miracles too! 


[1] https://www.catholic.com/tract/do-miracles-still-occur

[2] Ibid

[3] Ibid

[4] Ibid

[5] Ibid

不可能的奇迹之神

2020年7月23日

诗篇105:41(ESV)41他打开磐石,涌出水来。

它像河一样流经沙漠。

今晚我斋戒并为向上帝祈祷和哭泣而祷告时,这节经文使我感到以色列从埃及出埃及。上帝的力量是如此强大地打击着埃及,以致当时世界上最强大的国家埃及及其法老王,最强大的地球之王对埃及的奴隶以色列人离开他们感到高兴。

诗篇105:37-38(ESV)37然后他用银和金将以色列领出来

,他的支派中没有人绊倒。

38他们离开时,埃及很高兴,因为他们埃及

的恐惧落在了上。

当以色列从埃及离开埃及时,由于他们的恐惧落在埃及上,埃及就是GLAD!

他们正要走出去,穿越了旷野,沙漠,食物,水都用光了,描述了最神奇的诗句之一,奇迹发生了!上帝打开了岩石,水涌出了。这是一个奇迹! 水从岩石中涌出,就在 沙漠中。这不是一个绿洲。这是上帝显示出的 不可能的 奇迹发生事,以便以色列真正知道这是人类不可能的事,唯一的办法就是上帝!您是否曾经感到需要上帝的奇迹?我们中的许多人都有,有些则有。我做。那是我们的上帝!他是不可能的神!当人们绝望时,当以色列和摩西进入绝望状态,向上帝呼求时,上帝介入,并提供了最神奇的方式。他本可以命令水从沙子中流出来,但不能从岩石中流出来!

不仅如此,v41b还说它像河流一样流经沙漠。

不仅水从岩石中喷涌而出,而且您还以为可以幸运地得到几个水桶,但是没有!同样,上帝的无限的另一个令人信服和令人信服的奇迹,我们的天意上帝,使水像河流一样流经沙漠。您能看到漫游者与沙漠之间的对比吗?在上帝的恩典中,最不可能发生的两件事成为伙伴!

我被定罪了,无论AI向上帝请求什么,寻求他的力量,

诗篇105:3-5(ESV)3以他的圣名荣耀。

让那些寻求主的人心中高兴!

4求主和他的能力。

不断寻找他的存在!

5记住他所做的奇妙作品,

他的奇迹

那些寻求主的人欢喜快乐!

寻求主和他的力量,不断寻求他的同在!!

我为丽贝卡(Rebecca)来到基督祈祷,并摆脱了酷儿而祈祷。还有莎拉;并让保罗回到基督身边!在今年11月举行的美国总统大选中,上帝将与参议院和众议院一起在白宫安置一位保守的,敬虔的,有价值的总统。最后是我自己的事工,因为我将在2021年从RTS神学院和MABS毕业。上帝保佑我,帮助我们所有人。我们寻找您,阿们!

God of Miracles of Impossibility

Psalms 105:41 (ESV) 41 He opened the rock, and water gushed out; it flowed through the desert like a river.

As I was fasting tonight and praying to God, this verse hit me about the exodus of Israel out of Egypt. The power of God was so mighty striking Egypt that, the strongest nation in the world at that time, Egypt with its Pharaoh, the mightiest king of earth, was glad when Israel, the slaves of Egypt left them!

Psalms 105:37-38 (ESV) 37 Then he brought out Israel with silver and gold, and there was none among his tribes who stumbled. 38 Egypt was glad when they departed, for dread of them had fallen upon it.

Egypt was GLAD when Israel departed from Egypt for dread of them had fallen upon it!

They were on the way out , they went through wilderness, desert, they ran out of food, water, v41 described one of the most amazing verse, miracle happened! God opened the rock, and water gushed out. This is a miracle! Water gushing out of a rock, right in the middle of a desert. This is not an oasis. This is God showing the impossible happened by his miracle, so that Israel will truly know this is humanly impossible, and the only way is God! Have you ever felt you needed a miracle from God? Many of us have, and some do. I do. That’s our God! He is the God of impossibility! When men despair, when Israel and Moses went into despair mode, crying out to God, God stepped in and provided the most miraculous way. He could have commanded water to flow from the sand, but no, from the rock!

Not only that, v41b says it flowed through the desert like a river.

Not only did water gushed out from a rock, and you thought you would be lucky to get a couple of buckets, but no! Again, another convincing and convicting miracle of the immensity of God, the God our providence, caused the water to flow through the desert like a river. Can you see the contrast between a rover and a desert? The two most unlikely things become partners in the grace of the miracle of God!

I am so convicted, and whatever I asked from God, seeking him for his strength,

Psalms 105:3-5 (ESV) 3 Glory in his holy name; let the hearts of those who seek the Lord rejoice! 4 Seek the Lord and his strength; seek his presence continually! 5 Remember the wondrous works that he has done, his miracles

Those who seek the Lord rejoice!

Seek the Lord and his strength, seek his presence continually!!

Adakah Yesus Allah dan Mengapa Penting?

Selama berabad-abad, orang telah bertanya dan berjuang apakah Yesus itu Allah. Dan apakah konsep menjadi Anak Allah? Bagaimana seseorang menjadi Tuhan dan juga Anak Tuhan. Dan persoalannya, bagaimana Tuhan dapat memiliki Anak? Ini adalah beberapa pertanyaan mistik dan menembus yang diajukan oleh orang Kristian, dan memang demikian. Tetapi mengapa bersusah payah mengetahui begitu banyak teologi mengenai perkara ini? Tidak bolehkah kita hanya mengajar Yesus, menyembuhkan, mati untuk kita?

Identiti siapa Yesus, menentukan keseluruhan agama dan kepercayaan agama Kristian

Agama terbesar dan paling jauh di dunia bergantung pada siapa sebenarnya Yesus. Dan tanpa mengetahui identiti Yesus, kita tidak dapat mengalami pembenaran (keselamatan), dan kita tidak dapat mengalami penyucian (kekudusan dan transformasi hidup). Oleh itu, jangan menganggap soalan ini sebagai akademik semata-mata dan pergi ke seminari, dan biarkan saja memberitakan Tuhan itu baik, mengasihi dan memiliki kepercayaan bahawa Dia akan menyembuhkan anda dan mengangkat anda, yang semuanya benar dan baik. Sebelum kita masuk ke dalam aplikasi dan nasihat, itu adalah tindakan kita dan yang terbaik, bagi kita untuk mengetahui sumber atau inti pati nasihat itu, sumber kekuatan itu, sumber keselamatan itu dll. Omong-omong, ada kecenderungan untuk banyak pendeta evangelis dan terutama gereja karismatik untuk melakukan itu, gaya aplikasi cepat. (lihat artikel saya yang lain https://alngu.com/2020/05/20/mengapa-banyak-pastor-terutama-harismatics-ignore-theology-let-my-people-think/).

Ada banyak ayat dalam Alkitab yang dapat kita atasi dalam pertanyaan ini, seperti dalam Kejadian 1, Tuhan mengatakan “Biarkan kita… membuat dunia”, Dia tidak sendirian. Ketuhanan jelas menjangkau lebih dari satu orang. John 1 mengatakan pada awalnya adalah Firman, Firman itu adalah Tuhan, dan Firman itu menjadi daging. Jelas itu merujuk kepada Yesus yang menjadi daging, dan secara eksplisit mengatakan Firman itu Tuhan, iaitu Yesus adalah Tuhan. Tetapi saya tertarik dengan Mazmur 45 di sini, dan mungkin saya akan menjelaskan semua petikan lain yang disebutkan dalam artikel-artikel yang akan datang.

Mazmur 45 mengungkapkan dan memperlihatkan salah satu wahyu Yesus yang paling menakjubkan adalah dan sebagai orang kedua dari Trinitas, dan membuktikan bahawa Yesus adalah Tuhan, dalam perjanjian Lama

Mazmur 45: 6-9 (ESV) 6 Takhta-Mu, Ya Allah, adalah selama-lamanya. Tongkat kerajaanmu adalah tongkat kebenaran; 7 kamu telah mengasihi kebenaran dan membenci kejahatan. Oleh itu, Tuhan, Tuhanmu, telah mengurapi kamu dengan minyak kesenangan melebihi sahabatmu;

Dikatakan di sini ” Takhta-, MuYa Allah, adalah selama-lamanya.” V5. Kemudian dalam v7b “Oleh itu, Tuhan, Tuhanmu, telah mengurapi kamu dengan minyak kegembiraan melebihi sahabatmu”. Wah! Apa maksudnya? Tuhan berseru kepada Tuhan? Adakah ada dua Tuhan? Apa yang berlaku di sini? Saya suka menerangkannya, setelah kertas penyelidikan saya mengenai Tuhan Trinitarian. Izinkan saya menjelaskannya seperti berikut:

Tuhan Bapa memanggil Putra Tunggal-Nya sebagai Tuhan

Mazmur 45: 6-9 (ESV) 6 Takhta-Mu, Ya Allah, adalah selama-lamanya. Tongkat kerajaanmu adalah tongkat kebenaran;

V6 inilah Tuhan Bapa memanggil Anaknya Yesus Kristus. Ini sebenarnya menegaskan dan memantapkan doktrin teologi Trinitarian God kita. Tuhan mengatakan bahawa Yesus adalah Tuhan dan adalah Tuhan selama-lamanya. Ini mungkin telah melupakan banyak pendeta tentang hal ini, tetapi Tuhan Bapa mempunyai pandangan yang tinggi terhadap Tuhan Anak, dengan berkesan memanggilnya sama. Ini akan menimbulkan keributan di kalangan orang Farisi di PB, kerana mereka telah menuduh Yesus menghujat untuk menyebut dirinya sebagai Tuhan. Yohanes 10:33 (ESV) 33 Orang-orang Yahudi menjawabnya, “Bukan untuk pekerjaan yang baik kita akan melemparkan batu kepada kamu tetapi untuk menghujat, karena kamu, sebagai manusia, menjadikan dirimu Tuhan.

Sekarang mengapa ia menjadi masalah besar? Ini adalah masalah besar kerana hanya mengangkat orang Yesus yang berjalan dengan benar di bumi dan kemudian disalibkan mati dan bangkit dari antara orang mati, sebenarnya adalah penegasan Tuhan sendiri. Sekarang, itu sukar untuk ditelan, kerana bagaimana Tuhan dapat diejek, dipukul, dicambuk, diludahi, dan dibohongi di atas salib di tangan manusia fana? Itulah sebabnya sangat penting bahawa kita memahami dua sifat Yesus. Semasa di bumi, dia adalah seorang lelaki, walaupun dia masih Tuhan. Orang yang berdarah di salib, adalah lelaki Yesus, bukan Tuhan Yesus. Mari kita jelaskan, kerana tanpa keluhuran Kristus sepenuhnya, dia tidak akan dapat menyelamatkan kita, kerana kita memerlukan hukuman dari dagingnya untuk menjauhkan kecaman kita dari Tuhan. Dan Tuhan tidak boleh dihukum dosa kita dan dihukum, kerana Dia adalah Tuhan. Tetapi syarat Allah yang adil untuk pembenaran, penyucian dan oleh itu keselamatan memerlukan penebusan, hukuman atas dosa-dosa yang dilakukan. Oleh itu, Yesus mengambil tubuh dan jiwa manusia dan berkomitmen untuk mati di kayu salib untuk menyelamatkan umat manusia melalui penjelmaannya untuk menjadi seorang lelaki. Kemudian dia dibangkitkan dari kematian, dan sekarang duduk di atas takhta di sebelah kanan Bapa. Dia masih memberi syafaat kepada kita dalam kemampuan manusia untuk kita umat pilihan di syurga sekarang. Fikirannya bertiup, saya tahu, tetapi yang penting kita memahami semua ini untuk memahami agama atau kepercayaan yang disebut Kristian.

Tuhan telah mengurapi Anaknya sebagai Manusia Yesus

Oleh itu, Tuhan, Tuhanmu, telah mengurapi kamu dengan minyak kesenangan melebihi sahabatmu;

Yang jelas inilah Tuhan Bapa yang mengurapi Yesus dalam bentuk seorang manusia sementara ion bumi menjalankan pelayanan penyelamatannya. Ia sebenarnya mengatakan, “Tuhanmu”.

Juga, Tuhan Anakmemerlukan tidak urapan dari Bapa, dia penuh dengan urapan yang tidak terbatas. Oleh itu, sekali lagi, inilah Manusia Yesus. Lihatlah ayat ini, semua benda di bumi dan langit, yang kelihatan, tidak kelihatan, takhta atau kuasa atau penguasa telah diciptakan dalam dirinya, melalui dia, dan untuknya. Itu menjadikannya setara dengan Tuhan Bapa. Wah! Apa lagi yang kita perlukan? Lelaki Yesus itu Tuhan! Juga, ayat berikutnya “… di dalamnya semua perkara bersatu”. SEMUA perkara di alam semesta disatukan dalam Kristus. Itu bererti matahari tetap berjalan dengan memberikan cahaya dan UV dalam jumlah yang tepat, dan bumi memutar kelajuan yang tepat di sekitar matahari, dan bersama dengan ribuan atau jutaan bintang di kosmos BESAR ini, semuanya berlaku dalam Yesus! Adakah itu cukup untuk Yesus menjadi Tuhan? Bahkan badan manusia kita, ciptaan Tuhan yang luar biasa menurut gambar Tuhan (Imago Deo), sangat mengagumkan di paru-paru yang bernafas, usus di badan kita yang lebih lama daripada halaman bola sepak, mata yang melihat, dan lain-lain. ., diadakan bersama dalam Yesus!

Kolose 1: 15 Anak adalah gambaran Tuhan yang tidak kelihatan, anak sulung atas semua ciptaan. 16 Sebab di dalamnya segala sesuatu diciptakan: benda-benda di langit dan di bumi, yang dapat dilihat dan tidak dapat dilihat, sama ada takhta atau kuasa atau penguasa atau penguasa; semua perkara telah diciptakan melalui dia dan untuknya. 17 Dia berada di hadapan segala sesuatu, dan di dalamnya semua perkara bersatu.

Oleh itu, Tuhan, Tuhanmu, telah mengurapi kamu

dengan minyak kesenangan melebihi sahabatmu;

Dalam sahabat anda di sini, bermaksud sesama lelaki dan wanita, umat pilihan yang Tuhan bawa kepada keluarganya sendiri.

Amin.

耶稣是上帝吗,为什么重要?

几个世纪以来,人们一直在问耶稣是否是上帝,并为之奋斗。成为神的儿子的概念是什么?一个人怎么能既是上帝又是上帝的儿子。问题是,上帝怎能拥有儿子?这些是基督徒提出的一些神秘而深刻的问题,这是理所当然的。但是,为什么要在这方面那么多地了解神学呢?我们难道不能只是教导耶稣为我们而死,为我们而死的爱吗?

耶稣是谁的身份,定义了基督教的整个宗教和信仰

世界上最大和最广泛的宗教取决于耶稣的真实身份。在不知道耶稣的身份的情况下,我们无法体验称义(救恩),也无法体验成圣(圣洁和生活转变)。因此,不要把这个问题当作纯粹的学术问题而留给神学院,而要讲道上帝是善良的,有爱心的,并相信他会医治你,使你振作起来,这都是真实而美好的。在我们进行申请和劝勉之前,这应该是我们的事,这是最好的,因为对于我们来说,知道的 来源 实质 这种劝诫,这种力量的来源,这种救赎的来源等等。顺便说一句,许多福音派牧师,尤其是超凡魅力的教堂,都采用了这种快速的应用程序样式。 (请参阅我的其他文章 https://alngu.com/2020/05/20/why-many-pastors-especially-charismatics-ignore-theology-let-my-people-think/)。

圣经中有许多经文可以解决这个问题,例如在创世记1章中,上帝说“让 我们……创造世界”,他并不孤单。神格显然延伸到一个以上的人。约翰一书一开始说的是道, 道就是神,道 成了肉身。显然,这是指成为肉体的耶稣,它 明确地 说道是神,即耶稣是神。但是我在这里对诗篇45感兴趣,也许我会在以后的文章中阐述所有其他段落。

诗篇45在旧约中揭示并展示了耶稣最令人震惊的启示之一,并且作为三位一体的第二个人,并证明了耶稣是上帝。

诗篇45:6-9(ESV)6上帝啊,你的宝座永远长存。 你们国度的权杖是正直的权杖; 7你爱公义,恨恶邪恶。 因此,上帝,你的上帝,油膏了你 用同伴以外的喜乐。

它在这里说:“你的 宝座 上帝啊,是永远的。” V5然后在v7b中:“因此,上帝,您的上帝,用同伴以外的喜乐油膏了您”。哇!那是什么意思?上帝呼唤上帝?有两个神吗?这里发生了什么?在我关于三位一体神的研究论文之后,我喜欢阐述这一点。让我将它们解释如下:

父神呼唤他的独生子为神

诗篇45:6-9(ESV)6上帝啊,你的宝座永远长存。 你们国度的权杖是正直的权杖;

V6这里是父神呼唤他的儿子耶稣基督。这实际上肯定并巩固了我们的三位一体神神学的学说。上帝在说耶稣是上帝,永远是永远的上帝。这可能错过了许多牧师对此的视线,但是天父上帝对子上帝有如此高的评价,实际上称他为平等。这将在新约法利赛人中引起轩然大波,因为他们指责耶稣亵渎了自称为上帝。约翰福音10:33(ESV)33犹太人回答说:“我们要打死你不是为了一项好工作,而是为了亵渎神明,因为你作为一个男人,要使自己成为上帝。

现在为什么这么重要?这很重要,因为刚刚抬高了在地上公义行走,然后被钉死在十字架上,从死里复活的耶稣,实际上是上帝本人。现在,这很难被吞噬,因为在世人手中,如何才能嘲笑,殴打,鞭打,吐唾沫和无助地躺在上帝身上?这就是为什么我们了解耶稣的两个本质至关重要。虽然他仍然是上帝,但在世上时他还是一个人。在十字架上流血的那个人是耶稣,而不是上帝耶稣。我们要明确一点,因为没有基督的完整男子气概,他将无法拯救我们,因为我们需要对他的肉体进行谴责,以使我们的谴责脱离上帝。上帝不能归咎于我们的罪孽,也不能受到谴责,因为他是上帝。但是,上帝对义的要求,就是称义,净化和因此得救,需要赎罪,对所犯的罪进行惩罚。因此,耶稣夺走了人的肉体和灵魂,并承诺要死在十字架上,以通过化身成为一个人来拯救人类。然后他从死里复活,现在坐在天父右边的宝座上。他仍然以我们现在天上的选民的身份为我们代祷。我知道,它震撼人心,但是我们理解这一切至关重要,才能理解被称为基督教的宗教或信仰。

上帝已将他的儿子膏为耶稣

因此,上帝,你的上帝,油膏了你 用同伴以外的喜乐。

显然,这是父神以人的形式膏着耶稣,而离子地球则在执行他的救恩事工。它实际上说的是“你的上帝”。

而且,儿子的上帝 不需要 父亲的恩膏,他充满了无限的恩膏。因此,这又是耶稣。看看这节经文,他,他和他为他创造了地上和天上的一切事物,可见的,不可见的,宝座,权力或权威。那使他与父神同等。哇!我们还需要什么?耶稣是上帝!还有,下一节“……在他里面,万物都凝聚在一起”。宇宙中的万物都在基督里凝聚在一起。这意味着太阳会保持其前进的方向,并提供适量的光和紫外线,地球以正确的速度绕太阳旋转,在这个巨大的宇宙中,成千上万的恒星一起在耶稣中发生!这足以使耶稣成为上帝吗?甚至我们的身体,也就是神以神(Imago Deo)的形象所作的令人敬畏的创造,在呼吸的肺部,人体的肠道运行得比足球场更长,眼睛能看到的眼睛等方面,都异常出色。 。,在耶稣里被捆绑在一起!

西 1:15 的儿子是无形的上帝,长子在所有创造的形象。 16 因为万物都在他里面造了;在天上地下的东西,有形的和无形的,宝座,大权,统治者或权威。万物都是通过他和为他创造的。 17 他在万物面前,万物凝聚在一起。 因此,上帝,你的上帝,油膏了你 用同伴以外的喜乐。

在这里您的同伴中,指的是上帝带给自己家人的选民。

阿们

Is Jesus God & Why is it Important?

For centuries, people have asked and struggled whether Jesus is God. And what’s this concept of being the Son of God? How can one being God as well as being the Son of God. And question is, how can God has Son? These are some of the mystic and penetrating questions people ask, and rightfully so. But why bother knowing so much theology on this? Can’t we just teach Jesus loves, heals, died for us? 

The identity of who Jesus is, defines the whole religion and faith of Christianity

The biggest and most far reaching religion in the world depends on who Jesus actually is. And without knowing the identity of Jesus, we cannot experience justification (salvation), and we cannot experience sanctification (holiness and life transformation). So don’t take this question as purely academic and leave to the seminary, and lets just preach God is good, loving and have faith that He will heal you and lift you up, which are all true and good. Before we jump into applications and exhortations, it behooves us and it’s best, for us to know the source or the substance of such exhortations, the source of that power, the source of that salvation etc. By the way, there is a tendency for a lot of evangelical pastors and especially charismatic churches to do that, that quick application style. (see my other article https://alngu.com/2020/05/20/why-many-pastors-especially-charismatics-ignore-theology-let-my-people-think/).

There are many verses in the Bible we can tackle this question, like in Genesis 1, God says “Let us…make the world”, He was not alone. The Godhead clearly extends to more than one person. John 1 says in the beginning is the Word, the Word is God, and the Word became flesh. Clearly that’s referring to Jesus who became flesh, and it explicitly says the Word is God, i.e. Jesus is God. But I am intrigued with Psalm 45 here, and perhaps I will expound all the other passages mentioned in future articles.

Psalm 45 reveals and exhibits one of the most stunning revelation of Jesus is and as the second person of the Trinity, and proves Jesus is God, in the Old testament 

Psalms 45:6-9 (ESV) 6 Your throne, O God, is forever and ever.The scepter of your kingdom is a scepter of uprightness;7 you have loved righteousness and hated wickedness.Therefore God, your God, has anointed you with the oil of gladness beyond your companions;

It says here “Your throne, O God, is forever and ever.” V5. Then in v7b “ Therefore God, your God, has anointed you with the oil of gladness beyond your companions”. Whoa! What does that mean? God calling out to God? Is there two God? What’s going on here? I love to expound this, after my research paper on the Trinitarian God. Let me expound them as follows:

God the Father calling out to His only Begotten Son as God

Psalms 45:6-9 (ESV) 6 Your throne, O God, is forever and ever.The scepter of your kingdom is a scepter of uprightness;

V6 here is God the Father calling out his Son Jesus Christ. This actually affirms and solidifies the doctrine of our Trinitarian God theology. God is saying Jesus is God and is God forever and ever. This may have missed many pastors sight on this, but God the Father has such high view of God the Son, effectively calls him as equal. This would have caused an uproar among the Pharisees in NT, as they have accused Jesus as blaspheming to call himself as God. John 10:33 (ESV) 33 The Jews answered him, “It is not for a good work that we are going to stone you but for blasphemy, because you, being a man, make yourself God. 

Now why is it a big deal? It is a big deal because that just elevated the man Jesus who walked righteously on earth and then was crucified dead and rose from the dead, is actually affirmatively God himself. Now, that’s hard to swallow, because how can God be mocked, beaten, whipped, spit at, and lie helplessly on the cross at the hands of mortal men? That’s why it is of utmost importance that we understand the two natures of Jesus. While on earth, he was a man, though he is still God. The guy bleeding on the cross, is the man Jesus, not the God Jesus. Let’s be clear, because without the full manhood of Christ, he won’t have been able to save us, because we needed a condemnation on his flesh to take our condemnation away from God. And God cannot be imputed our sins and be condemned, as He is God. But the righteous requirement of God for justification, purification and hence salvation requires an atonement, a punishment for the sins committed. Therefore Jesus took the human body and soul and committed to dying on the cross to save humanity through his incarnation to become a man. Then he was raised from the dead, and now seated on the throne at the right side of the Father. He is still interceding for us in the capacity of man for us the elect in heaven right now. Its mind blowing, I know, but this crucial we understand all these to make sense of the religion or faith called Christianity.

God has anointed his Son as the Man Jesus 

Therefore God, your God, has anointed you with the oil of gladness beyond your companions;

That’s clear this is God the Father anointing Jesus in the form of a man while ion earth carrying out his salvific ministry. It actually says, “ your God”. 

Also, God the Son needs no anointing from the Father, he is full of anointing unlimited. Therefore, again, this is the Man Jesus. Look at this verse, all things on earth and heaven, visible, invisible, thrones or powers or authorities been created in him, through him, and for him. That makes him equal with God the Father. Wow! What else do we need? The Man Jesus is God! Also , the next verse” …in him all things hold together”. ( Colossians 1:15-17)

Colossians 1: 15 The Son is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn over all creation. 16 For in him all things were created: things in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or powers or rulers or authorities; all things have been created through him and for him. 17 He is before all things, and in him all things hold together. Therefore God, your God, has anointed you with the oil of gladness beyond your companions;

ALL things in the universe are held together in Christ. That means the sun stays its course giving the right amount of light and UV, and the earth rotates the right speed around the sun, and together with thousands or millions of stars in this HUGE cosmos, all happen in Jesus! Is that enough for Jesus to be God? Even our human body, an awesome creation by God in the image of God (Imago Deo), is distinctively marvelous in the lungs that breathe, the intestines in our body that runs longer than a football yard, the eyes that see, etc. etc., is held together in Jesus! 

Amen.

Mengapa kita tidak dapat membuat pilihan atau keputusan kita sendiri untuk menerima Kristus?

Roma 8: 3-8 (ESV) Dengan mengutus Anaknya sendiri seperti daging yang berdosa dan karena dosa, dia menghukum dosa dalam daging, 4 agar tuntutan hukum yang benar dapat dipenuhi dalam diri kita, yang tidak berjalan menurut daging tetapi menurut Roh. 5 Bagi mereka yang hidup menurut daging menetapkan pikiran mereka terhadap hal-hal daging, tetapi mereka yang hidup menurut Roh menetapkan pikiran mereka pada hal-hal Roh. 6 Sebab untuk menetapkan pikiran pada daging adalah kematian, tetapi untuk menetapkan pikiran pada Roh adalah hidup dan damai. 7 Sebab akal yang terpaku pada daging memusuhi Tuhan, kerana tidak tunduk pada hukum Tuhan; memang tidak boleh. 8 Mereka, yang ada di dalam daging, tidak dapat menyenangkan Tuhan.

Rosak Akhlak

Kita tidak dapat menanggapi kasih, keselamatan, Tuhan, dari pikiran kita yang memusuhi Tuhan

Untuk menilai dosa, Tuhan mesti menghukum dosa-dosa dalam daging manusia. Tetapi untuk melakukan itu, tidak akan ada penghancuran akhir umat manusia, kerana, atas kekuatan mereka sendiri, tidak ada seorang pun yang dapat memenuhi ketetapan Tuhan yang benar. Akhirnya Tuhan mengutus Anak-Nya sendiri, dan menghukum dosa-dosa di dalam daging atau jasad Anaknya sendiri Yesus Kristus!

Sekarang bagi mereka yang sebelum percaya kepada Kristus, Anak Tuhan, kita semua hidup menurut daging. Sebelum mengenal Kristus, kita semua hidup menurut daging, yang bererti dengan keinginan manusia kita, tidak ada hubungannya dengan Tuhan. Dan jika demikian, ketika kita hidup atau hidup dalam keinginan manusia yang fana, tanpa Tuhan, v5 mengatakan bahawa kita akan menetapkan pemikiran kita pada daging atau keinginan manusia, dan v6 mengatakan bahawa akibat dari pemikiran mereka pada daging adalah kematian . V7 akal yang terpasang pada daging yang saya memusuhi Tuhan, dan tidak tunduk kepada Tuhan, memang tidak dapat.

Itulah kata-kata kunci di sini: akal yang terpaku pada daging, tidak dapat tunduk kepada Tuhan. Di sana ini menjelaskan mengapa manusia sendiri, tidak dapat tunduk kepada Tuhan, dan oleh karenanya tidak pernah dapat menerima Kristus sebagai Tuhan dan penyelamat, kerana fikirannya memusuhi Tuhan! Anda dapat melihat mengapa kehendak bebas anda tidak pernah membawa anda untuk menerima Kristus! Kerana tanpa Tuhan, akal kita memusuhi Tuhan, dan akal kita tidak akan, dan memang tidak dapat tunduk kepada Tuhan.

Anda boleh melupakan kehendak kita sendiri yang pernah tunduk kepada Tuhan dan dengan itu menerima Kristus ke dalam hidup kita. Gagasan bahawa kita dapat melakukan itu sekarang dihapuskan! Tidak alkitabiah!

Tetapi ada yang berpendapat bahawa ketika kita digerakkan oleh Roh Kudus, kita akan tunduk kepada Tuhan dan menerima Kristus! Yang digerakkan oleh Tuhan, adalah Tuhan menarik kita kepada Kristus terlebih dahulu, dan kemudian kita bertindak balas terhadap apa yang Tuhan lakukan dalam diri kita.

Baiklah, saya rasa kita boleh jelas bahawa kita tidak dapat menanggapi kasih, keselamatan Tuhan, dari pikiran kita yang memusuhi Tuhan seperti yang dijelaskan dengan jelas di atas dari Roman 8: 6-7.

Sekarang adakah kita mempunyai kehendak bebas untuk memilih Tuhan, memilih Yesus Kristus?

Apabila kita mengatakan ya Tuhan, aku menerimamu ke dalam hidupku, dan menerimamu sebagai Tuhan dan Penyelamatku, adalah dari kehendak bebas kita. Saya akan mengatakan bahawa kehendak kita adalah untuk memilih Yesus setelah Tuhan menggerakkan hati kita, atau Roh Kudus menggerakkan hati kita. Kita sendiri, kita tidak akan, dan tidak dapat tunduk kepada Tuhan sendiri kerana akal kita memusuhi Tuhan sesuai dengan yang lain.

Kita hanya memilih Tuhan setelah Tuhan menggerakkan hati kita. Yesus mengatakan dalam Yohanes 6: 44 Tidak ada yang dapat datang kepada saya kecuali Bapa yang mengutus saya menariknya . Dan saya akan membesarkannya pada hari terakhir. Sekiranya Bapa tidak menarik anda, anda tidak akan datang kepada Yesus dari awal. Adakah anda melihatnya? Tuhannya yang membuat langkah pertama, bukan anda. Sekarang, Tuhan hanya menarik mereka yang telah ditentukan oleh Tuhan.

Efesus 1: 3 Berbahagialah Tuhan dan Bapa Tuhan kita Yesus Kristus… ..4 walaupun dia memilih kita di dalam dia sebelum berdirinya dunia, bahawa kita harus suci dan tidak bercela di hadapannya. Dalam cinta 5 dia menentukan kita untuk diadopsi untuk dirinya sebagai anak lelaki melalui Yesus Kristus, sesuai dengan tujuan kehendaknya.

Tuhan memilih kita SEBELUM landasan dunia.

Tuhan mentakdirkan kita untuk diterima pakai.

Lukisan jiwa oleh Bapa dipilih oleh Tuhan sebelum asas dunia! Sebelum dunia diciptakan!

Tuhan mentakdirkan kita untuk diterima pakai!

Oleh itu, anda dapat melihat apakah kehendak bebasnya untuk memilih setelah Tuhan melakukan pilihan dan penentuan. Kami bertindak balas kerana Tuhan menggerakkan kita dalam takdirnya sebelum dunia diciptakan.

Amin.

为什么我们不能做出自己的选择或自愿决定接受基督?

为什么我们不能做出自己的选择或自愿决定接受基督?

道德腐败

罗马书8:3-8(ESV)他以有罪的肉像和为罪而派出自己的儿子,谴责肉中的罪,4以便使我们遵守律法的公义要求。根据肉,但根据圣灵。 5因为那些按照肉体生活的人将思想放在肉体上,而那些按照圣灵生活的人将思想放在圣灵上。 6因为将思想放在肉体上就是死亡,但是将思想放在圣灵上就是生命与和平。 7因为肉体所定的心意与上帝为敌,因为它不服从上帝的律法。确实,它不能。 8那些有肉的人不能取悦上帝。

我们无法从对上帝的敌意中回应上帝的爱,救恩

为了审判罪恶,上帝必须谴责人类肉体中的罪恶。但是要这样做,就不会消灭人类,因为没有人能够依靠自己的力量来遵守上帝的义令。最终,上帝差遣了自己的儿子,并谴责了自己儿子耶稣基督的肉身或身体中的罪过!

现在,对于那些在不相信上帝儿子基督之前的人们,我们都按照肉体生活。在认识基督之前,我们所有人都是按照肉体生活的,这对我们人类的欲望意味着意义,与上帝无关。如果是这样,当我们生活或生活在没有肉体的人类欲望中时,v5表示我们将思想置于肉体或人类欲望上,而v6则表示将思想置于肉体上的后果是死亡。 V7我对上帝怀有敌意的肉体上所定下的思想,它不服从上帝,的确 不能。

这就是这里的关键词:肉体上的思想 不能 屈服于上帝。在那里,这说明了为什么人类自己不能屈服于上帝,因此永远无法接受基督为上帝和救世主,因为他/她的思想与上帝敌视!您会明白为什么您的自由意志永远不会带您接受基督!因为没有上帝,我们的思想就对上帝怀有敌意,而我们的思想就不会也确实不会服从上帝。

您可以忘记我们自己将永远服从上帝,因此接受基督进入我们的生活。我们可以做到这一点的观念现在已经消失了!根本不符合圣经!

但是有些人可能会争辩说,当我们被圣灵感动时,我们将服从上帝并接受基督!上帝感动的是上帝首先吸引我们归向基督,然后我们回应上帝在我们里面所做的事情。

好的,我想我们可以很清楚地看出,我们对罗马的敌对思想无法回应上帝的爱,救恩,正如罗马书8:6-7所明确阐明的那样。

现在我们有选择上帝,选择耶稣基督的自由意志吗?

当我们对主说“是”时,我就会接受您进入我的生活,并接受您作为我个人的主宰和救主,这就是我们的自由意志。我想说的是,在上帝感动我们的心或圣灵感动我们的心之后,选择耶稣是我们的意志力。就我们自己而言,我们不会也不会自己屈服于上帝,因为我们的思想在各方面都对上帝怀有敌意。

我们只有在上帝感动我们之后才选择上帝。耶稣在约翰福音6:44中说,除非派我来的父否则没有人可以来找我 吸引了 他,。最后一天,我会抚养他。如果天父没有吸引您,您将不会首先来到耶稣身边。你看到了吗?迈出第一步的是上帝,而不是你。现在,上帝只吸引那些由上帝预定的人。

以弗所书1:3我们的主耶稣基督的神和父是应当称颂的。..4即使 在世界建立之前,他在我们里面拣选了我们在他面前,我们也应该成为圣洁和无罪。在爱5中, 他的他预定我们收养为儿子 按照他的旨意,通过耶稣基督。

在世界建立之前,上帝选择了我们。

上帝注定我们要被收养。

了父的灵魂绘画 ,上帝选择 在世界建立之前!在创造世界之前!

上帝 注定 我们要被收养!

因此,您可以看到它是否有选择的自由意志 在之后, 上帝完成选择和预定。我们之所以做出回应,是因为上帝甚至在创造世界之前就以他的预定目标感动了我们。

阿们

Why we cannot make our own choice or freewill decision to accept Christ?

Why we cannot make our own choice or freewill decision to accept Christ? 

Morally Corrupt

Romans 8:3-8 (ESV) By sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and for sin, he condemned sin in the flesh, 4 in order that the righteous requirement of the law might be fulfilled in us, who walk not according to the flesh but according to the Spirit. 5 For those who live according to the flesh set their minds on the things of the flesh, but those who live according to the Spirit set their minds on the things of the Spirit. 6 For to set the mind on the flesh is death, but to set the mind on the Spirit is life and peace. 7 For the mind that is set on the flesh is hostile to God, for it does not submit to God’s law; indeed, it cannot. 8 Those, who are in the flesh, cannot please God.

We cannot respond to God’s love, salvation, from our hostile mind towards God 

To judge sins, God must condemn sins in the flesh of mankind. But to do that, there will be no end of destruction of mankind, because, on their own strength, no man can measure up to the righteous decree of God. Eventually God sent his own Son, and condemned sins in the flesh or body of his own Son Jesus Christ!

Before knowing Christ, we all were living according to the flesh, meaning to our human desires, nothing to do with God. And if that’s so, as we lived or live in the fleshly human desires, devoid of God, v5 says that we would set our minds on the flesh or human desires, and v6 says that the consequence of setting our minds on the flesh is death! V7 The mind that is set on the flesh is hostile to God, and it does not submit to God, indeed cannot.

That’s the key words here: the minds that’s set on the flesh, cannot submit to God. This explains why humans on their own, cannot submit to God, and hence never be able to accept Christ as Lord and savior, because his/her mind is hostile to God! You can see why free will of yours can never bring you to accept Christ! Because without God, our minds are hostile to God, and our minds will not, and indeed cannot submit to God.

You can forget about on our own will ever can submit to God and therefore accept Christ into our lives. The notion that we can do that on our own free will is now swept away! Simply not biblical!

But some may argue that when we are moved by the Holy Spirit, we will submit to God and accept Christ! That moved by God, is God drawing us to Christ first, and then we respond to what God is doing in us. 

Okay, I think we can be clear that we cannot respond to God’s love, salvation, from our hostile mind towards God as clearly expounded above from Roman 8:6-7. 

Now do we have free will to choose God, to choose Jesus Christ? 

When we say yes Lord, “I receive you into my life, and accept you as my personal Lord and Savior,” is that from our free will? I would say it’s our will power to choose Jesus after God moved our heart, or the Holy Spirit moved our heart. On our own, we will not, and cannot submit to God on our own as our minds are hostile towards God as per the point apart.

We only choose God after God moved our hearts. Jesus says in John 6: 44 “No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him. And I will raise him up on the last day.” If the Father doesn’t draw you, you won’t be coming to Jesus on the first place. Do you see that? It’s God who makes the first move, not you. Now, God only draws those who are pre-determined by God. 

Ephesians 1:3 Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ…..4 even as he chose us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and blameless before him. In love 5 he predestined us for adoption to himself as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of his will. 

God chose us BEFORE the foundation of the world.

God predestined us for adoption.

The drawing of souls by the Father is chosen by God before the foundation of the world! Before the world was created!

God predestined us for adoption! 

So you can see if its free will to choose after God has done the choosing and predestination. We are responding because God moved us in his predestination before the world was even created.

Amen.